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Ballif studied with <a href="spotify:artist:6CS9O2pE67oq44GZuBEBuD">Messiaen</a> at the Paris Conservatoire. His theoretical work Introduction à la métatonalité contains his development of a system that enlarged tonality rather than evade it, as in atonality. Metatonality is based upon a scale of 11 tones and implies chromaticism and a tonal base at the same time. For Ballif, the object was to avoid the disorientation of atonality, replacing it instead with a free tonality. Ballif also incorporated sounds from the environment in his compositions, as in the work of <a href="spotify:artist:1Z3fF5lZdCM0ZHugkGoH8s">John Cage</a>. These include orchestral mimicking of natural sounds.

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